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Article 2, 3, 5 European Convention on Human Rights (Right to Life, Prohibition of Torture, Freedom and Security) / The Case of L.M. and Others v. Russia

AIHS Madde 2, 3, 5 (Yaşama Hakkı, İşkence Yasağı, Özgürlük ve Güvenlik Hakkı) / L.M. ve Diğerleri - Rusya Davası

Hafize ARDA YUMURTACI

The applicants are two Syrian citizens and a stateless Palestinian residence in Syria. The applicants entered Russia in 2013. A court ruled in 2014 that the applicants would have been convicted of administrative crimes (violation of immigration rules and unauthorized work) and to be deported and arrested for deportation. The district court also argued that the claim that the applicants had a danger to their lives due to ongoing conflicts, the European Court rejected the application of the applicants. In accordance with Rule 39 of the Rules of Court, the Court held that during the proceedings before the Court, the applicants had to be reported to the Russian Government at the point of not being deported to Syria. From that date the two applicants had been held in a detention center where foreign citizens were held, while the third applicant fled. Applicants’ refugee status and temporary asylum applications have been adversely affected.

Art. 2, 3, 5 ECHR, Asylum and Refugee Status, Prohibition of Torture, Right to Life, Freedom, Security.

Başvuranlar iki Suriye vatandaşı ve ikametgâhı Suriye’de bulunan vatansız bir Filistinlidir. Başvuranlar 2013 yılında Rusya’ya girmişlerdir. Bir mahkeme 2014 yılında başvuranları idari suçlar kapsamında (göçmenlik kurallarının ihlali ve izinsiz çalışma) mahkum etmiş ve sınır dışı edilmelerine ve sınır dışı edilmek üzere tutuklanmalarına karar vermiştir. Bir bölge mahkemesi de devam eden çatışmalar nedeniyle başvuranların yaşamlarına yönelik tehlike bulunduğu iddiasının, tek başına, başvuranların sınır dışı edilmelerini engelleyecek yeterli gerekçe oluşturmadığını kaydetmiş ve başvuranların başvurusunu reddetmiştir. Avrupa Mahkemesi, Mahkeme İçtüzüğü’nün 39. maddesi uyarınca, Mahkeme önündeki yargılamalar süresince başvuranların Suriye’ye sınır dışı edilmemeleri noktasında Rus Hükümetine bildirimde bulunulmasına karar vermiştir. İki başvuran o tarihten itibaren yabancı vatandaşların tutulduğu bir tutukevinde tutulmaktayken, üçüncü başvuran kaçmıştır. Başvuranların mülteci statüsü ve geçici sığınma başvuruları olumsuz sonuçlanmıştır.

AİHS md. 2, 3, 5, İltica ve Mülteci Statüsü, İşkence Yasağı, Yaşama Hakkı, Özgürlük, Güvenlik.

1. The case of L.M. and Others v. Russia

On 15 and 16 April 2014 the Maloyaroslavets District Court examined the applicants’ administrative files, found them guilty of administrative offences (breach of immigration rules and working without a permit) and ordered them to pay fines of between 2,000 and 3,000 Russian roubles (RUB) and their expulsion to Syria, in line with the procedure under Article 3.10 § 1 of the Code of Administrative Offences. The applicants all stated in court that they feared for their lives if returned to Syria and referred to information about the ongoing and widespread conflict there. The court found these statements to be general in nature and unsupported by any relevant evidence.

The applicants also referred to the absence of work in Syria and the fact that in Russia they had been able to work illegally. The District Court then focused on the economic motives of their arrival and illegal stay. Pending expulsion the court ordered their detention at the detention centre.

The lawyer representing the applicants before the Court lodged appeals for all three of them, describing in detail the general situation in Syria and the danger of returning there, and citing and attaching the relevant country reports produced by the UNHCR and FMS. The statements of appeal further referred to the fact that the applicants had sought asylum in Russia; their expulsion would therefore be contrary to the relevant legislation. As a result, the District Court rejected the applications of the applicants. The District Court requested the suspension of the proceedings on the applicants.

After the applicants' arrest, On 30 September 2014 M.A. and L.M. submitted new written requests for refugee status, which were accepted for consideration by the Kaluga FMS on 7 October 2014. On 15 October 2014, however, both applicants signed papers in Russian stating that they had asked for their requests for “temporary asylum in Russia dated 28 September 2014” not to be considered. The papers stated that they had been translated and written by Z.A.

The applicants submitted that severe restrictions had been placed on them meeting with their representatives. As a result, despite numerous attempts and complaints, M.A. and L.M. only had one meeting with them on 17 December 2014. M.A. had one meeting with his brother and Albina A. on 22 October 2014, which lasted about ten minutes. A.A. did not meet with a representative prior to his escape from the detention centre.